What are "pit houses"?

Pit houses are dwellings that were constructed by the Anasazi, an ancient Native American culture that thrived in what is now the Southwestern United States. These homes were unique in that they were dug partly into the ground, which helped to provide insulation from harsh weather conditions, making them warmer in winter and cooler in summer. The design typically included a roof made from wood and other materials, allowing for a space that was secure and efficient for the families that lived in them.

The other options describe different types of dwellings that do not align with the characteristics of pit houses. Homes made of straw and mud might refer to adobe structures or other types of building techniques but do not match the specific design attributed to pit houses. Large multi-story buildings made from stone are more representative of later architectural developments, such as those seen in cliff dwellings or pueblos, rather than the simpler and more practical pit house design. Temporary shelters set up for seasonal use would not provide the same level of permanence and insulation that pit houses offered, as these were intended for longer-term habitation, not just seasonal shelter.